※Edith Wharton ------Roman Fever

She was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1927,1928 and 1930.

short-story   Roman Fever 

※plot--- not as easy as it looks   the arrangement of the action

• structure                  
• chronology   the timeline of events

          1. linear time
          2.non-linear time

• conflict
• revelation

          1.Exposition
          2.Flashbacks
          3.Foreshadowing
          4.Suspended revelation

※subplot is a secondary strand of the plot that is a supporting side story for any story or the main plot. Subplots may connect to main plot and it often involve supporting characters, those besides the protagonist or antagonist. 

subplots are distinguished from the main plot by taking up less of the action, having fewer significant events occur, with less impact on the "world of the work, and occurring to less important characters."

overplot

underplot

※Greek literature + Latin literature = classical literature

※Homer 

1.Iliad

2.Odessey ----wandering hero 

※Virgil 

He was an ancient Roman poet of the Augustan period. He is known for major work of Latin literature, and the epic Aeneid .

Aeneid------Aeneas's wanderings

The Aeneid is a Latin epic poem, that tells the legendary story od Aeneas, a Trojan who travelled to Italy,where he became the ancestor of the Romans.

The hero Aeneas was already known to Greco-Roman legend amd myth, having been a character in the Iliad, composed in the 8th century BC.

●epic poetry is a story

※

     veritas means truth

veritas

※cathedral                        〉                         church                          〉             chapel

※  

Elvis Presley

I saw you crying in the chapel

https://youtu.be/11W34yK2So8

※Aristotle's Poetics

three unities   are rules for drama derived from a passage in Aristotle's Poetics.

1.unity of action: a play should have one action that it follows, with minimal subplots.

2.unity of time: the action in a play should occur over a period of no more than 24 hours.

3.unity of place: a play should exist in a single physical space and should not attempt to compress geography, nor should the stage represent mire than one place

※ theme ------  what's all about

theme is supporting evidence.          theme includes setting, action, character.

"We always analyze the past, but we can't predict the future."

leading theme: fate, man must learn from suffering.

※irony------I can't define it . . .   but I know it when I see it.

irony is part of life we intend them to, expect them to, or  hope they will.

• verbal irony→what's said is not what's meant. for example:sarcasm, Julius Caesar,
• situational irony→what happens is the opposite of what's expected or desired. for example: The Gift of the Magi
• dramatic irony→readers know things that characters do not. We're "in the know."  for example: A Doll's House
• cosmic irony→bad things happen to good people; a working out of fate.  for example: Oedipus the King

◎vir-,ver-: truth

veritas

versimilitude

verification

virtual reality

◎-tude:偏頗

Altitude

attitude

aptitude

◎simili-:almost like to

similar

simile

◎-eum,-ium:框限起來的範疇

colosseum

aquarium 

生字:

mimics

nonorary

posthumous

dissections

deprecating

engulfed

rebuke

mocking