※Catholicism is used as broad term for describing specific traditions in the Christian churches in theology,
doctrine,liturgy,ethics,and spiritually.
※Protestantism is the form of Christian faith and practice which originated with the Protestant Reformation.It is one of the major division of Christendom.
※Presbyterian church which is government by representation assemblies of elder. Local congregations of churches which use presbyterian polity are governed by sessions made up of representatives of the congregation.
※Baptism is a Christian rite of admission and adoption,almost invariably with use of water,into the Chrisitian Church generally and also a particular church.
※Nativity of Jesus refers to account of the birth of Jesus primarily based on the two accounts in the gospels of Lukeand Matthew,and secondarily on some apocryphal texts.
※Original sin,also called ancestral sin,is the Christian doctrine of humanity's state of sin resulting from the fall of man,stemming from Adam's rebellion in Eden.
※The Second Coming,sometimes called the second advents of Christ or the parousia,is the anticipated return of Jesus to Earth.
Most English versions of the Nicene Creed in current use include the following statements: "...he ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father. He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead, and his kingdom will have no end. ... We look for the resurrection of the dead, and the life of the world to come."
※William Butler Yeats was an Irish poet and one of the foremost figures of 20th century literature.
In the 1923,he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature as the first Irishman so honored for what the Nobel Committee described as"inspired poetry,which in a highly artistic form gives expression to the spirit of a whole nation."
※It's the most wonderful time of the year
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFtb3EtjEic
※Greek chorus is a homogeneous,non-individualise group of performance in the classical Greece,who comment with a collective voice on the dramatic action.
※dramatic irony
this type of irony is the device of giving the spectator an item of information that at least one of the characters in the narrative is unware of (at least consciously),thus placing the spectator a step ahead of at least one of the characters.
It has three stages-installation,exploitation,and resolution.For example,Oedipus the King,Remeo and Juliet.
※Catharsis is the purification and purgation of emotions-especially pity and fear-through art or any extreme change in emotion that results in renewal and restoration.
Catharsis is a term in dramatic art that describes the effect of tragedy primcipally on the audience.It's a metaphor originally used by Aristotle in the Poetics to describe the effects of tragedy on the spectator.
※Tragic Flaw(Tragic Error)
Aristotle description of the term,translated by S.H.Butcher as an error of judgment,allows room for interpretations that include a mistake of fact,a tendency towards certain mistakes because of moral weakness,or a combination of the two in varying degress.
※Tragic Hero
Aristotle suggests that a hero of a tragedy must evoke in the audience a sense of pity ow fear,saying,"the change of fortune presented must not be the spectacle of a virtuous man brought from properity to adversity."
This is why Aristotle points out the simple fact that"The change of fortune should be not from bad tp good,but,reversely from good to bad."
For example,King Oedipus kills his father from impulse and marries his mother out of ignorance.
※Three unities
-action -place -time
※free verse is an open form of poetry.It dosen't use consistent meter oatterns,rhyme,or any other musical pattern.
※Sonnet is a poetic form which originated in Italy. By the thirteeth century,it signified a poem of fourteen lines that follows a strict rhyme scheme and specific structure.
※a rhyme scheme is the pattern of rhymes at the end of each line of a poem or song.
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ad-:forward
advent:arrival that has been awaited(especially of something momentous) e.g.
advice:a proposal for an appropriate course of action
advocate:push for something e.g.The travel agent advocate strongly that we not travel on Thanksgiving Day.
en-:加強
enlarge:make larger e.g.The house was enlarged with a new wing.
enslave:make a slave of e.g.He was enslaved and ill treated.
enroll:register formally as a participant or member e.g.The secretary enrolled our names.
de-:down
depress:to make someone feel very unhappy e.g.The news depressed her.
deplane:get off a plane e.g.He was surrounded when he deplaned.
away from
desalt:remove the salt from e.g.They desalt the food and keep them in a dry room.
deforest:remove the trees from e.g.The landscape was deforested by the enemy attacks.
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